Previous: 20 Most Famous Vanished Ancient Cities of Russia, Part 4
15. YUTANOVSKY site is a complex of the saltovo-mayatsk archaeological culture. It stands on the right bank of River Oskol in the Volokonovsky District of the Belgorod Region. The complex consists of a hillfort, three settlements of metallurgists, and two catacomb burial grounds. It was probably the largest metallurgical center in Eastern Europe of that time.
A considerable production zone with 92 craft constructions was unearthed in the site area. There were 3 potteries and 25 ironworks furnaces among them, while all the rest were parts of integrated metallurgical plant. Three settlements about 6 hectares each adjoin the ancient settlement.
16. ORTINSKY site of ancient settlement was inhabited in the 6th – 10th centuries. It is located in the Nenets Autonomous Area, on the right bank of River Pechora, 90 km below Naryan-Mar, around the inflow of the Ortina River into it. The ancient settlement was a rectangular wooden fortress with an earth mound and a ditch. The walls were built of vertically arranged logs. The Nenets people believe that the ancient settlement used to belong to the Sirtya before the Nenets settled here. The Sirtya is the mythological tribe of white-eyed shortish people that allegedly left under ground.
17. SHCHERBINSKY site (also known as Konopelkinskoye) was an ancient settlement of the early Iron Age and the 1st millennium AD in the city district of Domodedovo. It stands on the right bank of River Pakhra near the mouth of Konopelka River.
The occupation layer of the ancient settlement harboured ceramics of the Dyakovo culture. In the southeastern part of the ancient settlement, near the highway Podolsk — Domodedovo, there are remains of shafts and ditches. The site has been almost completely studied by archeologists. In 2012 the eastern and western ravines were destroyed by a dump site.
18. NIKULCHINSKY site is an Old Russian Vyatka ancient settlement from the late 1st millennium BC till the 15th century. In general it represents remnants of the medieval town of Nikulitsyn. It is located in the Sloboda District of the Kirov Region. Nowadays it is the Settlement of Nikulchino.
The ancient settlement was built in the 4th – 3rd centuries BC, and then was updated and improved in the 1st – 5th centuries AD. Old Russian people settled here in the late 12th century.
19. BEREZNYAKI site of the ancient settlement of the 4th – 6th centuries is located on banks of Volga River near the Settlement of Berezniki in the Rybinsk District of the Yaroslavl Region at the mouth of River Sonokhta. The research conducted by P. N. Tretyakov in 1934 — 1935 established that it was a patriarchal and communal settlement with common property. It consisted of several residential buildings, common production objects, and a funeral construction, the so-called “house of the dead”. The residents of the ancient settlement were mostly engaged in cutting farming and cattle breeding, though they also knew some other crafts, such as forging, weaving, etc. The ethnic make-up of the site population has not been finalized.
Researchers assume that this ancient settlement belonged to the Slavs.
20. STONE BARN (OLGINO) is a multi-layer fortified settlement of the Bronze Age (first half of the 2nd millennium BC) in the Kartalinsky District of the Chelyabinsk Region located in the same-name area 10 km to the east of Varshavsky Settlement on the right bank of river Karagaily-Ayat (influx of the Tobol River).
Author: Vera Ivanova