Common point of view says that deposits of petroleum and natural gas, which are hydrocarbons, formed as a result of decomposition of organic matter of ancient living organisms. However, the theory of abiogenic petroleum origin tends to become more and more popular among researchers these days. An argument between followers of either classic or alternative theories of hydrocarbon origin can soon be solved thanks to a research, performed by Russian geologists and mineralogists, who developed a technique for identifying a source of carbon, which is a part of natural gas.

Russian physicists used multiple-valued logic and fuzzy logic for developing a number of techniques for secure communicative functions in robotic teams. New mathematics algorithms are essential for development of a new generation of intelligence control systems, which would be able not only to make their own decisions, but also learn and safely transfer their knowledge to other robots of their team.

Russian biologists have developed testing systems for quick measuring antibiotic concentration in various milk products. New testing systems, based upon immuno-assay technologies, are highly sensitive and specific.

Two days ago Sochi-born Andre Geim and his fellow researcher Konstantin Novoselov were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics "for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene". What is so revolutionary about the work of two former Russian physicists?

Yesterday’s announcement of 2010 Noble Prize winners in Physics unexpectedly lead to a great scandal. Victor Petrik, a full member of Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, claims that Konstantin Novoselov and Andre Geim got the highest award in the scientific world undeservedly, and he is ready to prove his words.

Russian researchers from created a new nonwoven fiber material from chitosan, a natural polymer, found in shells of marine arthropods and some insects. Scientists, who work in Karpov Research and Development Institute of Physics and Chemistry, believe that good absorbing properties of a new material promise a good future for it in medicine.

State of the art of world science allows scientists to talk only about time when life appeared on our planet, but not about life’s place of origin, head of the Institute of Paleontology, full member of Russian academy of sciences Alexei Rosanov believes.

Engineers and scientists from St. Petersburg have mobilized power of Earth’s gravitation force in a so-called mechanurgy table, which is believed to prevent and cure various illnesses.

Physicists, who work on the LHC, recently came across a new phenomenon, which was never predicted by any of existing theories. In a few words, protons collide and generate hundreds of particles. And among these particles, scientists detected pairs, movements of which were coupled for some unknown reason.

Russian physicists used their enormous experience in monitoring atmospheric ozone within millimeter wave range and developed a radio spectrometer for measuring vertical distribution of ozone degrading molecules of chlorine oxide in atmosphere of our planet. Simultaneous measurements of ozone and chlorine oxide help correctly estimating how chlorine oxide affects depletion of ozone layer during cold time of a year.

Biologists and geneticists know that a very convenient way to study functions of certain mammal genes, including their role in developmental disorders, is by means of introduction of these genes into embryos of laboratory animals.

Russian scientists from the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (Russian academy of sciences) and Pushchino State University performed a research, aimed at finding out conditions, which promoted intensive growth of tumor cells.

Russian researchers from Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology and Moscow Physics and Technology Institute have developed a biochip, able to establish one’s identity as accurate as 99.6% using only traces of his DNA. This biochip can be very useful for criminal investigations, for instance, in forensic medical examination in order to narrow a circle of suspects or to identify a dead body.

Latest achievements of nuclear physics appear to be useful for fighting tumors and saving lives of living beings. However, surgery and chemotherapy still remain most frequently used techniques for helping patients with oncological diseases.

Russian physicists from luminescence department of Lebedev Institute of Physics created three-component hybrid nanoparticles, which can be used for building nanolasers.

Russian biologists now face a new astonishing challenge – they discovered that some species of rodents had hair in their mouth. The research project is conducted by Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology and Severtsov Institute of Evolution and Ecology Problems, both institutions belonging to Russian academy of sciences.

Russian physicists from Tomsk (the Institute of High-Current Electronics, Siberian branch of Russian academy of sciences) suggest using some particular features of high-current electron beam for building fuel cells for hydrogen economy.

An international think-tank, which consisted of scientist from Russian and Germany, used a technique of cryoelectron microscopy for taking images of a ribosome, a cell protein-making “plant”, during its work. Scientists followed a trajectory of RNA molecules inside a ribosome and reported results of their work in Nature magazine.

Cooperation of Russian physicists and ophthalmologists resulted in a technology of femtosecond laser microsurgery of subsurface eye tumors, for instance, tumors of sclera – eye protein coat.

Using aluminum can solve major problems of traditional and hydrogen power engineering, and these are not mere words according to Russian scientists.