Four routes are designed for tourists in the Nature Reserve: three terrestrial ecological paths:
"Urochische Opuk" (Route 1),
"Between the sea and the lake" (Route 2),
"Seaside" (Route 3)
and sea path "Elken-Kaya" (Route 4).
Historical and archeological monuments of the Opuk Mountain are:
ancient settlement Cimmeric (VI century B.C. - IV century C.E.) on the sea northern slope with the area of 5 ha;
Citadel (IV century C.E.) in the eastern region of topmost plat of the Opuk Mountain at the height of 170-165 m;
the settlements of Chebakskaya Balka suburbs and suburbs of tow of eastern slope (V century B.C. - IV-III century C.E.) are situated between the Opuk Mountain and Yakovenkovo village;
the settlement of Kirkoyashskaya Basin (V century B.C. - VII-IX century C. E.) is situated on the eastern slope of Chebakskaya Balka and in the southern-east slope of the basin to the east of Ostraya town;
the settlement in the suburbs of the Koyashskoye Lake (IV-III century B.C.) is an ancient and the middle age settlement;
the settlement of late antique (I / II-IV century C.E.) is on the south slope of the Opuk Mountain where the lower tier of Opuksky quarry is located;
the settlement over the spring (VII-IX century B.C.) is a monument of the Middle age in the valley of south slope of the Opuk Mountain, one of the major settlement of Salt-Mayatsk Culture of the Kerchensk Peninsula;
the Manor in the Vostochnaya Bay (VII-IX century B.C.) is a settlement, to which an ancient road descends, embankment and breast wall preserved in the micro-relief.
The monument to military topographers D.Vizhul and B. Mospan is erected on the bald peak of the Opuk Mountain slope. They died on the rocks of Korabl-Kamen in December 29, 1941, providing a cross section for the planned sea-borne landing.
Opuksky Nature Reserve, found in 1998, is situated at the east of Crimea. It occupies the southern coast of the Kerch Peninsula with the area of 1592.3 ha, 62 hectares of which is the water area of the Black Sea with two islands, known as the Rock-Ships.
The main monument of the Nature Reserve is the Opuk Mountain with the height of 185 meters. It is rather a lot for the plain of the Kerch Peninsula: the Opuk is the highest point of the Peninsula. The mountain slopes are embayed by deep crevices and stepped ledges that form steep cliffs.
The Nature Reserve is home to about 60 species of animals and plants, including 39 listed in Red Book. It is home to rare fish - Azov and Black Sea sturgeon, Black Sea beluga, sea horse, black croaker, and crabs - green, marbled and stone crab, insects - Podalirius, swallowtail, Xylocopa, Ascalaphus macaronius scopoli and others.
Among ordinary reptiles there are snakes, lizards and very few vipers. A huge colony of bats, up to 20-30 thousand, lives in the Opuksky catacombs. But birds play the main role in the Nature Reserve. The edge of the Kerch Peninsula is a transit point for birds flying in the winter to warmer climes and back.
Rocks and the Opuk Mountain are a benchmark for bustards, geese and ducks that stay here to rest. In April and May, during seasonal migrations, you can observe pink starlings only in the Opuk and in the surrounding areas. And gulls and quails nest on the uninhabited islands of Koyashskoye Lake where neither fox nor any other predator can get.
Author: Anna Dorozhkina